The classic example of experimenter bias is that of " Clever Hans " ( in arithmetic and other tasks.
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A number of studies into Spiritual Healing illustrate how the design of the study can introduce experimenter bias into the results.
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In research, "'experimenter bias "'occurs when experimenter expectancies regarding study results bias the research outcome.
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However the healer involved in the experiment was a personal acquaintance of the study authors raising the distinct possibility of experimenter bias.
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Multiple base-line designs are associated with potential confounds introduced by an experimenter bias which must be addressed in order to preserve objectivity.
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But a 1971 study found that experimenter bias was involved; all of the researchers were male, while all of the research participants were female.
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Examples of experimenter bias include conscious or unconscious influences on subject behavior including creation of demand characteristics that influence subjects, and altered or selective recording of experimental results themselves.
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Sheldrake's experiments were criticised for using sequences with " relatively few long runs and many alternations " instead of truly experimenter bias in the tests, and concluded that Sheldrake's claim was unfalsifiable.
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Positive findings from research studies can also result from such psychological mechanisms, or as a result of experimenter bias, methodological flaws such as lack of blinding, All of these factors must be considered when evaluating claims.
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In the case of experimenter bias, the measures share correlated bias : simply averaging such data will not lead to a better statistic but may merely reflect the correlations among the individual measurements and their non-independent nature.
(psychology) bias introduced by an experimenter whose expectations about the outcome of the experiment can be subtly communicated to the participants in the experiment
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